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Eastern carpenter bee
The ''Xylocopa virginica'', more commonly known as the eastern carpenter bee, extends through the Eastern United States and into Canada. They nest in various types of wood and eat pollen and nectar. The eastern carpenter bee differs from other bee species in that it does not have a queen. While typically bees have one queen which primarily reproduces and allows the workers to forage, in ''Xylocopa virginica,'' this method is replaced by a system in which dominant females are responsible for reproduction, foraging, and nest construction. ''Xylocopa virginica'' is a sympatric species with ''Xylocopa micans'' in the southeastern United States.
==Description and identification==
The bee is similar in size to bumblebees, but has a metallic, mostly black body with a slight purple tint. The ''X. virginica'' males and females have generally the same mass, but can be differentiated visually by the male's longer body and the female's wider head. The males also have a white spot on their "face". Additionally, the males have larger thoracic volumes for given masses. Females of different social standing can also be told apart based on morphology. Primary females are larger than secondary or tertiary females, and additionally primary females have more mandibular and wing wear.〔
''X. virginica'' have unique maxillae that are designed to perform perforations on corolla tubes to reach nectaries. Their maxillae are "sharp and wedge-shaped", allowing them to split the side of corolla tubes externally to access the nectar. The Eastern carpenter bees also have galae on their maxillae that are shaped like large, flat blades. Research has shown that individuals with sharp galae can use these to further aid in penetrating the corolla tubes.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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